What fraction of antebellum US national product did the enslaved produce?
In: Explorations in economic history: EEH, Band 91, S. 101552
ISSN: 0014-4983
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In: Explorations in economic history: EEH, Band 91, S. 101552
ISSN: 0014-4983
In: The journal of economic history, Band 81, Heft 1, S. 198-238
ISSN: 1471-6372
The Antebellum American South experienced rapid biological innovation centered around an active market for new cotton seed varieties, despite the absence of intellectual property rights. Contemporaries complained new seed was initially offered at high prices, which subsequently collapsed. Using local newspaper evidence, this paper documents this market's operation. It then rationalizes the price movements given the potential of improved seed to multiply at finite rates. The initial prices were sufficiently high to provide meaningful incentives to innovate. This study also identifies information problems affecting the cotton seed market, leading observers to claim too many new varieties were released, not too few.
In: The journal of economic history, Band 69, Heft 3, S. 890-891
ISSN: 1471-6372
In: The journal of economic history, Band 69, Heft 1, S. 324-325
ISSN: 1471-6372
In: The journal of economic history, Band 65, Heft 1, S. 283-284
ISSN: 1471-6372
In: The journal of economic history, Band 64, Heft 2
ISSN: 1471-6372
In: The journal of economic history, Band 57, Heft 4, S. 972-973
ISSN: 1471-6372
In: The journal of economic history, Band 55, Heft 4, S. 773-800
ISSN: 1471-6372
Between 1890 and 1914, California agriculture rapidly shifted from extensive to intensive crops, emerging as one of the world's major suppliers of Mediterranean products. Based on an analysis of new data on price and quantity movements, this article calls into question the traditional emphasis on changes in transportation, water, and labor market conditions as explanations for California's transformation. It argues that increases in fruit supply outpaced increases in demand and that declining farm interest rates and biological learning played crucial, if relatively neglected, roles in the intensification process.
In: Journal of historical political economy: JHPE, Band 3, Heft 2, S. 179-210
ISSN: 2693-9304
In: NBER Working Paper No. w27291
SSRN
Working paper
In: The journal of economic history, Band 73, Heft 1, S. 201-246
ISSN: 1471-6372
Most American financial crises of the postbellum gold standard era were caused by fluctuations in the cotton harvest due to exogenous factors such as weather. The transmission channel ran through export revenues and financial markets under the pre-1914 monetary regime. A poor cotton harvest depressed export revenues and reduced international demand for American assets, which depressed American stock prices, drained deposits from money center banks and precipitated a business cycle downturn—conditions that bred financial crises. The crises caused by cotton harvests could have been prevented by an American central bank, even under gold standard constraints.
In: NBER Working Paper No. w18616
SSRN
In: NBER Working Paper No. w16983
SSRN
In: Social science history: the official journal of the Social Science History Association, Band 48, Heft 2, S. 233-257
ISSN: 1527-8034
AbstractThe U.S. federal government adopted aggressive policies to control animal diseases decades before it made significant attempts to improve human health. Progressive-era reformers crafted a powerful argument that the male-dominated, rural-oriented political system valued the lives of hogs more than the well-being of babies. The invidious hog-baby comparison became a pervasive theme in debates over the Children's Bureau, a National Department of Health, and the Sheppard-Towner Act, and it has been reproduced uncritically in recent years. This article investigates the important historical relationships between U.S. animal and human health policies. Human health champions would have been better served by embracing a One Health approach when possible, drawing more on the lessons learned in combating animal diseases.